THE STORY OF ELLIS ISLAND
Mass migrations have marked the history of the human race ever since people began to dream of a better life
Disponível em: <https://linguapress.com/advanced/ellis-island.htm>. Acesso em: 7 out. 2019. Adaptado.
A) Franz and Ulrike Schumacher and their three children.
B) Hamburg-Amerika line steamship.
C) the stormy North Atlantic Ocean.
D) Germany.
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America’s social-media addiction is getting worse
(Sources: Pew Research Centre; e Marketer)
A survey in January and February 2019 from the Pew Research Centre, a think tank, found that 69% of American adults use Facebook; of these users, more than half visit the site “several times a day”. YouTube is even more popular, with 73% of adults saying they watch videos on the platform. For those aged 18 to 24, the figure is 90%. Instagram, a photo-sharing app, is used by 37% of adults. When Pew first conducted the survey in 2012, only a slim majority of Americans used Facebook. Fewer than one in ten had an Instagram account.
Americans are also spending more time than ever on social-media sites like Facebook. There is evidence that limiting such services might yield health benefits. A paper published last year by Melissa Hunt, Rachel Marx, Courtney Lipson and Jordyn Young, all of the University of Pennsylvania, found that limiting social-media usage to 10 minutes a day led to reductions in loneliness, depression, anxiety and fear. Another paper from 2014 identified a link between heavy social-media usage and depression, largely due to a “social comparison” phenomenon, whereby users compare themselves to others and come away with lower evaluations of themselves.
(www.economist.com, 08.08.2019. Adaptado.)
A) elucidação.
B) avaliação.
C) suposição.
D) opinião.
E) síntese.
A) we need to engage in a systematic process to learn something new.
B) learning by reinforcement entails a contact by chance with what’s new.
C) we only learn when there is a purpose in what we set out to learn.
D) the brain learns things either incidentally or through reinforcement.
E) the acquisition of new information is possible uniquely by experience.
THE STORY OF ELLIS ISLAND
Mass migrations have marked the history of the human race ever since people began to dream of a better life
Disponível em: <https://linguapress.com/advanced/ellis-island.htm>. Acesso em: 7 out. 2019. Adaptado.
A) No início do século XX, a maior parte dos imigrantes que chegavam aos Estados Unidos era proveniente da América Central, Ásia e África.
B) Assim como Franz e Ulrike Schumacher, a maioria dos imigrantes que desembarcavam em Ellis Island pretendiam acumular riquezas para, então, retornar aos seus países de origem.
C) Há um século, pode-se dizer que os Estados Unidos da América eram muito mais receptivos em relação aos imigrantes do que são agora.
D) Frank Shoemaker possuía grande habilidade no idioma falado nos Estados Unidos.
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
America’s social-media addiction is getting worse
(Sources: Pew Research Centre; e Marketer)
A survey in January and February 2019 from the Pew Research Centre, a think tank, found that 69% of American adults use Facebook; of these users, more than half visit the site “several times a day”. YouTube is even more popular, with 73% of adults saying they watch videos on the platform. For those aged 18 to 24, the figure is 90%. Instagram, a photo-sharing app, is used by 37% of adults. When Pew first conducted the survey in 2012, only a slim majority of Americans used Facebook. Fewer than one in ten had an Instagram account.
Americans are also spending more time than ever on social-media sites like Facebook. There is evidence that limiting such services might yield health benefits. A paper published last year by Melissa Hunt, Rachel Marx, Courtney Lipson and Jordyn Young, all of the University of Pennsylvania, found that limiting social-media usage to 10 minutes a day led to reductions in loneliness, depression, anxiety and fear. Another paper from 2014 identified a link between heavy social-media usage and depression, largely due to a “social comparison” phenomenon, whereby users compare themselves to others and come away with lower evaluations of themselves.
(www.economist.com, 08.08.2019. Adaptado.)
A) in spite of.
B) as a result of.
C) apart from.
D) instead of.
E) in order to.
A) the study suggests the different ways of learning mold our brains functioning.
B) the ability to learn new things has kept us from coping with diversity in real life.
C) humans have found it very hard to adapt to new situations and have barely made it.
D) learning is too complex a task for the brain to process and store information well.
E) the brain works in the same way regardless of the different situations it is exposed to.
A) pretty ugly / born dead / seriously funny
B) only choice / found missing / fully empty
C) nicely done / grandchildren / small talk
D) old news / found missing / awful good
E) false positive / living dead / sad smile
Genetic Fortune-Telling
One day, babies will get DNA report cards at birth. These reports will offer predictions about their chances of suffering
a heart attack or cancer, of getting hooked on tobacco, and of being smarter than average.
Though the new DNA tests offer probabilities, not diagnoses, they could greatly benefit medicine. For example, if women at high risk for breast cancer got more mammograms and those at low risk got fewer, those exams might catch more real cancers and set off fewer false alarms. The trouble is, the predictions are far from perfect. What if someone with a low risk score for cancer puts off being screened, and then develops cancer anyway? Polygenic scores are also controversial because they can predict any trait, not only diseases. For instance, they can now forecast about 10 percent of a person’s performance on IQ tests. But how will parents and educators use that information?
(Adaptado de Derek Brahney, Genetic Fortune-Telling. MIT Technology Review, Março/Abril 2018)
De acordo com o texto, um dos riscos do prognóstico genético dos indivíduos desde o nascimento seria o de
A)
empresas usarem as informações para não contratar pessoas que teriam predisposição a certas doenças ou vícios.
a) algumas mulheres descuidarem da prevenção de problemas de saúde para os quais pareciam não estar predispostas.
governos usarem as informações genéticas para negar a certos cidadãos o acesso a serviços de saúde pública.
a) pais e educadores passarem a desconsiderar dados sobre o coeficiente de inteligência de seus filhos ou alunos.
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
America’s social-media addiction is getting worse
(Sources: Pew Research Centre; e Marketer)
A survey in January and February 2019 from the Pew Research Centre, a think tank, found that 69% of American adults use Facebook; of these users, more than half visit the site “several times a day”. YouTube is even more popular, with 73% of adults saying they watch videos on the platform. For those aged 18 to 24, the figure is 90%. Instagram, a photo-sharing app, is used by 37% of adults. When Pew first conducted the survey in 2012, only a slim majority of Americans used Facebook. Fewer than one in ten had an Instagram account.
Americans are also spending more time than ever on social-media sites like Facebook. There is evidence that limiting such services might yield health benefits. A paper published last year by Melissa Hunt, Rachel Marx, Courtney Lipson and Jordyn Young, all of the University of Pennsylvania, found that limiting social-media usage to 10 minutes a day led to reductions in loneliness, depression, anxiety and fear. Another paper from 2014 identified a link between heavy social-media usage and depression, largely due to a “social comparison” phenomenon, whereby users compare themselves to others and come away with lower evaluations of themselves.
(www.economist.com, 08.08.2019. Adaptado.)
A) should impair.
B) can damage.
C) must deliver.
D) could produce.
E) will bring.
A) certainty.
B) prohibition.
C) permission.
D) obligation.
E) possibility.
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